( ذلك ) الذي لحقهم ( بأنهم شاقوا الله ورسوله ومن يشاق الله فإن الله شديد العقاب )
Whatever happened to them happened because they took Allah and His Messenger as enemies through their disbelief and breaking of the treaties. And whoever takes Allah as his enemy, Allah is severe in punishment, so he will soon suffer His sever punishment.